Eczema is a skin condition that causes redness, itching, and inflammation. It affects both adults and children, and while it is not contagious, it can cause significant discomfort. Understanding the causes of eczema can help in managing the condition more effectively. At The DERM Center in Chattanooga, we specialize in helping patients with eczema through personalized care.
What Is Eczema?
Eczema, also known as dermatitis, is a chronic condition that makes the skin irritated and inflamed. It can appear in different forms, including atopic dermatitis, the most common type, contact dermatitis, caused by exposure to irritants, and dyshidrotic eczema, which involves blisters on the hands and feet.
Eczema symptoms vary by type and severity but typically include red, itchy skin, dry or scaly patches, and cracked or oozing skin. Eczema often begins in childhood but can develop at any age. Understanding its underlying causes is essential to managing flare-ups.
The Main Cause of Eczema
Eczema does not have a single cause. It is usually a combination of genetics, environmental factors, and immune responses.
Genetics
Research has shown that eczema often runs in families. People with eczema may inherit genes that weaken the skin barrier, making it harder for the skin to retain moisture and block irritants. This genetic link is also associated with allergies and asthma. National Eczema Association provides more details about the genetic connection.
Environmental Triggers
Eczema flare-ups can be triggered by exposure to irritants like soaps, fragrances, or household cleaners. Cold weather and low humidity can also dry out the skin, increasing the likelihood of irritation.
Immune System Response
Eczema is closely linked to an overactive immune system, which reacts strongly to irritants or allergens. This reaction causes inflammation and the symptoms associated with eczema.
Common Triggers of Eczema Flare-Ups
Eczema flare-ups happen when the skin is exposed to triggers. Common triggers include:
Dry Skin
Lack of moisture weakens the skin barrier, making it more prone to irritation. This is particularly common during colder months when humidity levels drop.
Irritants
Everyday items like detergents, soaps, and fragrances can irritate the skin. Switching to hypoallergenic products can reduce flare-ups. Visit Cleveland Clinic for more on managing irritants.
Allergens
Substances like dust mites, pet dander, and pollen can aggravate eczema. Identifying and minimizing exposure to allergens can help manage symptoms.
Stress
Emotional stress can weaken the skin barrier, worsening eczema symptoms. Relaxation techniques, such as yoga or meditation, may help reduce flare-ups caused by stress.
How Eczema Affects Adults and Children Differently
Eczema presents differently in adults and children. Adults often experience symptoms that include thicker, scaly patches that appear on the hands, neck, or face. Chronic cases may lead to infections caused by excessive scratching. In children, eczema is commonly seen on the cheeks, elbows, and knees. Many children outgrow the condition, but others may continue to experience symptoms into adulthood. The team at The DERM Center provides care tailored to the needs of both adults and children, addressing the unique aspects of eczema at different ages.
Managing Eczema
While eczema cannot be cured, it can be effectively managed with the right approach.
Moisturizing
Using a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer can restore the skin barrier and reduce dryness. Moisturizers should be applied immediately after bathing to lock in moisture.
Avoiding Triggers
Identifying and avoiding personal triggers can help prevent flare-ups. Keeping a journal of symptoms and possible triggers may be helpful.
Medical Treatments
For persistent or severe eczema, treatments such as topical steroids, antihistamines, or prescription creams may be necessary. The DERM Center offers personalized treatment plans to help manage symptoms. Learn more about available treatments at The DERM Center.
When Should You Seek Professional Help?
If your eczema is interfering with your daily life or causing severe discomfort, seeking professional care is essential. Signs that you may need medical attention include persistent itching, skin infections, or frequent or severe flare-ups. The DERM Center specializes in diagnosing and treating eczema, providing individualized care for lasting relief. Schedule an appointment today for expert guidance.
Practical Steps for Managing Eczema
Understanding the causes of eczema can help control its symptoms. Whether triggered by genetics, irritants, or allergens, eczema can be managed through proper skincare, trigger avoidance, and medical treatment. For more resources, check out National Eczema Association for in-depth information on genetic factors, Cleveland Clinic for tips on managing irritants, and American Academy of Dermatology for additional eczema care strategies. Contact The DERM Center in Chattanooga for personalized eczema treatment plans designed to suit your unique needs.
Frequently Asked Questions About Eczema
- Can eczema spread to others? No, eczema is not contagious. It is caused by genetic and environmental factors and cannot be passed from person to person.
- Is eczema different from dry skin? Yes, eczema is a chronic condition that includes inflammation and immune system responses, whereas dry skin is temporary and caused by a lack of moisture.
- Do certain foods cause eczema? Some individuals may find that foods like dairy or nuts trigger eczema, especially if they have food allergies. Keeping a food diary can help identify patterns.
- Does eczema worsen with age? In some cases, eczema may improve over time, particularly in children. However, adults may experience chronic or more severe symptoms.
- Can eczema be prevented? While eczema cannot be fully prevented, avoiding triggers, maintaining hydration, and seeking early treatment can reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups.
